I. High-Fat, Low-Carbohydrate Diets -- 9 (Supplement 1): 5 -- Obesity

Popular Diets: a Scientific Review
I. High-Fat, Low-Carbohydrate Diets

Effects of a Low–Glycemic Load Diet on Resting Energy Expenditure and Heart Disease Risk Factors During Weight Loss

Mark A. Pereira, PhD; Janis Swain, MS, RD; Allison B. Goldfine, MD; Nader Rifai, PhD; David S. Ludwig, MD, PhD

JAMA. 2004;292:2482-2490.

Context Weight loss elicits physiological adaptations relating to energy intake and expenditure that antagonize ongoing weight loss.

Objective To test whether dietary composition affects the physiological adaptations to weight loss, as assessed by resting energy expenditure.

Design, Study, and Participants A randomized parallel-design study of 39 overweight or obese young adults aged 18 to 40 years who received an energy-restricted diet, either low–glycemic load or low-fat. Participants were studied in the General Clinical Research Centers of the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the Children’s Hospital, Boston, Mass, before and after 10% weight loss. The study was conducted from January 4, 2001, to May 6, 2003.

Main Outcome Measures Resting energy expenditure measured in the fasting state by indirect calorimetry, body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and self-reported hunger.

Results Resting energy expenditure decreased less with the low–glycemic load diet than with the low-fat diet, expressed in absolute terms (mean [SE], 96 [24] vs 176 [27] kcal/d; P = .04) or as a proportion (5.9% [1.5%] vs 10.6% [1.7%]; P = .05). Participants receiving the low–glycemic load diet reported less hunger than those receiving the low-fat diet (P = .04). Insulin resistance (P = .01), serum triglycerides (P = .01), C-reactive protein (P = .03), and blood pressure (P = .07 for both systolic and diastolic) improved more with the low–glycemic load diet. Changes in body composition (fat and lean mass) in both groups were very similar (P = .85 and P = .45, respectively).

Conclusions Changes in dietary composition within prevailing norms can affect physiological adaptations that defend body weight. Reduction in glycemic load may aid in the prevention or treatment of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus.


Author Affiliations: Department of Medicine (Drs Pereira and Ludwig) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (Dr Rifai), Children’s Hospital; General Clinical Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital (Ms Swain); and Joslin Diabetes Center (Dr Goldfine), Boston, Mass. Dr Pereira is now with the Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.



JAMA -- Abstract: Effects of a Low-Glycemic Load Diet on Resting Energy Expenditure and Heart Disease Risk Factors During Weight Loss, November 24, 2004, Pereira et al. 292 (20): 2482

yesterday was a horrendous day for me.. I felt like i didnt have any appetite for any sort of food.. I had to reverse my condition.. So i ate 3 chicken sandwich and a huge salad + scrambled egg wth bread

600 cal chick
+ 300 cal egg
+ 100 cal salad with lots of raisins
===1000 cal diet
Today since morning i ate

3 chicken sand-- 700 cal
coffee-- 100 cal..
800.....

My appetite has reduced drastically..I dont feel like eating anything. i know, i can continue this forever..but, i need to break it in between to avoid myself in entering into Semi starvation mode.. As per studies i shldnt lower my cal intake below 720...around 800....

I doesnt make a huge difference to keep it as high as 1200..I wud start taking Vitamin pills to keep my Vitamin in check.. Usually it is said that vitmain like folate is in store in our body for 6 mths. So, i still have some time but i shldnt be taking any chances..

As regards to my studies, it has been miserable. No cardio no rhemat. i do feel guilty about it..
My weight today was 194.2. It seems i have lost any weight this week..but its okay. I have been working hard for the past 4-6 weeks and i was able enugh to bring it down to 195..That itself is an achievement.. And Over the past 1 week, i havent ate anything stupid..

the good part is I had lot of veggies in my sandwich.. lots of spinach Lettuce..tomato onion pepper and pickle . It wholesome meal..The grilled chicken pattie is precooked ..all ineed to do is warm it..
and Bread that i use contain only 80 cal (2 slices) So Overall its all yummy high protein high fiber yummy sandwich..Even One makes me Full...

any comments or suggestion wud be appreciated

MOVIES WATCHED TODAY
black hawk down
this is england
Bugs life
the astranaut farmer
Lucy number slevin
Seven
Curse of the Golden Flower
Can u all believe that..

Kinda dissapointed with my life.
Ate around 1400 cal..

I forgot to add

The Namesake
Unrest
Disturbia
The Good Shepherd

You all must be wondering whats wrong with me.. I know. I guess, iam unable to comprehend the magnitude of studies required to pass my exam. God give me courage to fight my quest. Its another few more days for me to go, for quitting smoking. Its a promise that i have to work on. And I wont give up.

Todays plan
try to avoid surfing
2. meet my boss at school
3. study
4. Start focusing on my dietary plan

I weighed 194 today. so, the past whole week, i might have lost like 0.6 lbs. Anyways, i wud write more tomorrow.

i did well for the past few days.

yesterday, i ate veggie sub ( withour cheese or dressing) n lots of veggies and 3 chicken sandwich. ( wih lots of spinach).
studied for 6 hrs and went to the hospital for rounds( 6 hrs). iam happy with my progress.

today, since morning, i have been studying ..( 4 hrs)
ate chicken sandwich n boiled broccoli n green beans
n coffee.
Dietary wise, iam happy iam able to stick with my diet n i feel optmistic about my weight loss goals.
Studywise, i have started reading. Finished with GIT ..( gastro intestinal tract).today i was supposed to revise it and start a new topic..( Endocrine wud be the next one to go)
I watched couple of movies few days back, but now i guess iam in control. watched Heros yesterday, but it didnt excite me. I thou, they would somehow come up with some logical conclusion as on whos goona explode but nothing yet...
Namesake was a huge dissapointment as well..

Anyways i would write more tomorrow.

Hihi, pardon me but u seem really engrossed in research. Is that part of your studies?

hope u dun get too stressed out. kinda worrying to see u 'talking' to yourself. Remember to be nice to yourself k! Dun let yr calories go too low! take care!

Research---reading medical journals is part of my hobby

Currently i am studying for medical licensing Exam.( its allows me to practice as a MD).. Its hardest exam that i wud ever give.
Frankly, numbers ( lbs) do matter to me, its not my first priority ( EXam IS). Sometimes,you need to listen to your heart. I tend to write down whatever i feel and it gives me a reminder to stick to my goals( finish exam, quit smoking, work on my thesis , be healthy by the end of August 2007). If i can achieve that, i have proved a point that i didnt squander my time. all i wanna do is some good ( to my family frnds and mankind) in the later years..........

STUDIES 4 GOING WELL NOW.. I WAS ABLE 2 FOCUS FOR THE WHOLE DAY.. woke at 6 ...studied till 9 pm..had lil truble in between but i thnk as time pass by i wud be able gather amomentum..

DIET WENT LIL CRaZY.. ate 4 chicken sandwiches + 3 cup of teas..
around 1000 cal.. iam not impressed with my this weeks goal. i need 2 work lil on it.. haven't lost any pound this week.. wud check my weight tomorrow morning..

ate 2 sandwiches in the morning
one at lunch
one at dinner..

god pls give me courage......to fight my battle....
i still have 3 packs of cigs left. i wud be going thru another nightmare in another cuple of days
slim n trim, single, chocolaty, n licensed MD by the end of aug.. YUMMY MEE.... .......

i cudnt resist myself in checkin my weight,.. i weighed liked 192.8..isnt it awesome..

anyways cia ,, talk 2 u later..

Weight Loss - Diet Ticker

i wanna go 2 sleep wawa